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A
ABDOMEN
The soft area between the rib cage and the pubic area. A common area for excess hair, often in a line from the belly button to the pubic hair.
ABRASION
The process of scraping or wearing hair away. Causing partial or complete absence of hair from areas.
ACCELERATED VELLUS SYNDROME
The anagen phase of cyclic follicular activity is extended. This results in hairs gaining greater length. These hairs retain their colourless downy vellus characteristics.
Causes: Stimulation believed to be associated with certain drugs or endocrine changes, viz: post menopausal women and trans-gender (female > male) individuals.
ACCELERATOR
A product that works under the surface of the skin and provides the necessary ingredients for melanin production, which will accelerate the rate at which the skin tans. An accelerator is most effective when used after a shower or at least four hours before tanning.
ACCENT COLOR
Usually a sharp, intense color used as a contrast or pickup for color scheme. It is used to add excitement to an overall effect
ACETONE
A chemical formed in the blood when the body uses fat instead of glucose (sugar) for energy. If acetone forms, it usually means that the cells do not have enough insulin, or cannot use the insulin that is in the blood, to use glucose for energy.
ACID
A liquid, usually corrosive with a pH lower than 7, opposite of an alkali.
ACID MANTLE
The combination of sweat and sebum that provides the skin’s protective coating.
ACID PERM
An acid perm produces permanent hair waves with curls that are actually softer than an alkaline perm. It also has a pH from 6.5 to 8.0.
ACNE
An inflammation of the skin, a result of over production of oil and bacteria. (Active Acne or Acne Vulgaris). (acme, acnee)
ACNE KELOIDALIS NUCHAE
A skin condition commonly affecting curly haired Afro-males which presents as itchy follicular papules which enlarge and become keloidal. Common sites include the occiput (the scalp area between the ears). Follicular pustules (folliculitis) may exist. The scars are hairless. The condition may persist for many years.
ACTINIC KERATOSIS
A small rough spot on skin chronically exposed to the sun, occurs most frequently in fair skinned people.
ACTIVATOR
A chemical ingredients that is specifically added to hair bleach to speed up the action of the bleach without unnecessarily damaging the hair. Also referred to as Booster, Bleach Boosters or Bleach Accelerators.
ACTIVE INGREDIENT
The substance which, contained in a product, actually does the main part of the work that the product is used for.
ACUPRESSURE
A method of relieving pain by pressing down on an area of the body.
ACUPUNCTURE
A method of relieving pain by inserting needles into the skin.
ADRENAL
A gland that affects certain types of hair growth.
AFRO HAIRSTYLE
A rounded, thick, tightly curled hair style.
AHA
see alpha-hydroxy acid.
ALBINISM
A recessive hereditary trait which presents as white hair due to defective melanin production thought to be caused by a mutation within genes. Albinos have no melanin pigment and do not tan. Their skin is otherwise normal. Albinism affects people from all races.
ALCOHOL
A liquid sometimes used for disinfecting skin before and after treatment. ethyl grain isopropyl.
ALEXANDRITE
Laser at 755nm used for hair removal.
A-LINE BOB
An A-line Bob is a geometric bob with a straight fringe, so called because of the resemblance to the capital A, with it’s horizontal line, the fringe and its legs the hair passing your ears.
ALKALI
A liquid with a pH higher than 7. Alkalis are used in depilatory creams that dissolve hair, and galvanic electrolysis produces alkalis which can destroy a hair follicle.
ALKALINE
A substance with a pH greater than 7; non acidic.
ALKALINE PERM
A chemically based permanent waving product that has a pH from 7.5 to 9.5. Stronger than acid perms, alkaline perms are designed to produce tight, firm, springy curls rather than the looser curls produced by acid perms.
ALLERGEN
Allergen is a substance that causes an allergic reaction.
ALLERGY
A bodily reaction to an irritant. Skin allergies can be exacerbated by solutions put on the skin.
ALOE VERA
Known as the "first aid" plan, aloe vera is taken from the inner leaves of the plant. It is a water/gel-like substance that is known for its ability to soothe irritated skin, especially sunburned skin. It is also a soothing anti-inflammatory that can be used in lotions, creams, cleansers and other products.
ALOPECIA
Loss of hair, especially from the head, which either happens naturally or is caused by disease
ALOPECIA ADNATA
Congenital baldness or baldness at birth.
ALOPECIA ANDROGENETIC
This is the common name for male or female pattern baldness which depends on the genetic predisposition of the hair follicles and the levels of DHT in the body.
ALOPECIA AREATA
Alopecia Areata is the medical term for hairloss which occurs in patches on the scalp.
ALOPECIA FOLLICULARIS
Hair loss due to inflammation of hair follicles.
ALOPECIA NEUROTICA
Baldness following a nervous disorder or injury to the nervous system.
ALOPECIA SENILIS
Alopecia senilis is baldness due to old age.
ALOPECIA TOTALIS
This is the complete loss of scalp hair often combined with the loss of eyebrows and eyelashes
ALOPECIA UNIVERSALIS
Alopecia Universalis is the term for hairloss which occurs over the entire body.
ALPHA HYDROXY ACID
Known as AHA, these solutions are used as exfoliants. They can help reduce ingrown hairs and improve the look of skin.
ALTERNATING CURRENT
The type of electricity that comes from a wall outlet (AC), as opposed to direct current (DC).
AMINO ACID
A chemical substance found in plants and animals. The building blocks of hair.
AMINOPHENOLS
Phenol derivatives used in combination with other chemicals in permanent (two step) hair dyes.
AMMONIA
An alkaline ingredient used in some permanent hair color. Ammonia is an ingredient that results in a chemical action that decolorizes the hair.
A colorless, pungent gas, NH3, extensively used to manufacture fertilizers and a wide variety of nitrogen-containing organic and inorganic chemicals. This is the first step in the nitrogen cycle. Ammonia is generated by fish urine and by the decay of dead fish and plant material. It is perhaps the deadliest agent to tropical fish. Care must be made to ensure that the ammonia levels stay at zero.
AMMONIUM THIOGLYCOLATE
A common ingredient in chemical depilatories.
AMORTIZATION
The process of converting one enzyme to another.
AMPERE
A measurement of electrical current.
AMPHOTERIC
A mild nonirritating surfactant (an agent that allows oil to mix with water) often used in shampoos; leaves hair manageable and is gentle enough for chemically treated hair.
ANAESTHETIC
A substance used to relieve all feeling.
ANAGEN
This is the growing phase of the hair cycle which lasts about seven years in a healthy person. The active stage in a hair growth cycle.
ANAGEN CYCLE
The active stage in a hair growth cycle.
ANAGEN EFFLUVIUM
Hairshafts are produced by follicles within the skin in all but few locations viz: palms soles, lips, eyelids, backs of distal phalanges and parts of the external genitalia. Each productive hair follicle provides hairshafts throughout the life of the person. Some follicles may intermittently produce vellus or terminal hairshafts.
ANALGESIC
A substance used to relieve pain.
ANAPHORESIS
The forcing of liquids into skin from the negative to the positive pole. The opposite is cataphoresis.
ANDROGEN
Hormone that causes masculine characteristics and affects hair growth. Higher androgen levels can lead to increased amounts of hair.
ANDROGENS
Androgens are often referred to as male hormones.
ANODE
A positive electrode.
ANTIANDROGEN
An antiandrogen blocks the effects of androgens, normally by blocking the receptor sites.
ANTI-ANDROGEN
A drug or product that limited the effects of androgens (male hormones)
ANTIBIOTIC
A drug or preparation used to prevent and treat infection.
ANTISEPTIC
A chemical agent that prevent the growth of bacteria.
APPLE CIDER VINEGAR
A natural solvent in oils and creams. It acidifies products. When used in shampoos and rinses, it separates individual hairs so they can be thoroughly cleansed. Sounds like a great addition to the shampoo of bears, hairy men and Husky dogs.
AREOLA
The pigmented area surrounding the nipple. A very common area for hair growth.
ARNICA
Arnica has been used in Europe for centuries to treat swelling, soreness and bruising. Arnica may significantly increase healing time or the appearance of such. There are many formulations from different companies including a stronger formulation that some plastic surgeons recommend for their patients.
ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLES
A microscopic band of muscle tissue which connects a hair follicle to the dermis. When stimulated, the arrector pili will contract and cause the hair to become more perpendicular to the skin surface (stand on end). This causes the hairs to stand up and causes goosebumps.
ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Also known as eczema.
AUTOCLAVE
A machine used to sterilize medical utensils and some hair removal devices.
AXILLA
The medical term for armpit, a common place for gonadal hair after puberty. Armpit hair is referred to medically as axillary hair.
AZELAIC ACID
Azelaic acid like Retin-A is more commonly used in the treatment of acne and other skin conditions.
B
B5
Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin required to sustain life (essential nutrient). Pantothenic acid is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
BACTERIA
An organism responsible for infection.
BARBA
Medical term for beard.
BARBICIDE
Brand name of sanitizer used to disinfect salon implements.
BASIC SHADE
A natural or neutral colour.
BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is non-cancerous enlargement of the prostrate gland. The prostate gland swells, which reduces the urine flow and prevents the bladder from emptying.
BETAINE
A natural conditioning substance for example: from molasses or sugar beet.
BIOPSY
A section of skin tissue removed for clinical observation.
BIRTH CONTROL
Drugs that sometimes cause increased hair growth.
BIRTHMARKS
Discoloured skin that should be examined and approved by a physician before hair removal.
BLACK SKIN
Probably the most difficult type of skin from which to remove hair, Type VI on the Fitzpatrick scale.
BLACKHEADS
A type of clogged pore in the skin with a visible black plug.
BLANCHING
A whitening of the skin sometimes caused by some types of hair removal. Also called hypopigmentation.
BLEACH
A method used to disguise (not remove) hair by lightening its colour
BLEMISH
Blood or pigment based visible mark (blimish, blemish)
BLEND
A modality of electrolysis which uses both thermolysis and galvanic methods.
BLISTER
A small fluid-filled bubble on the skin caused by heat from over treatment with certain types of hair removal.
BLONDE HAIR
Is not as visible, but it’s also harder to treat. Lasers have limited effects on it because of its lack of pigment, and it is difficult to see against the skin.
BOAR BRISTLE
A bristle commonly used in natural bristle brushes.
BOB
The Bob was the classic look of the 50s and 60s; the style was short and straight but blow-dried and curled under. At it’s worst the style could make you look like a mushroom, but at best with the curl accentuating your cheekbones it created an incredibly sexy look.
Bob has become a description of the hair length from ear-length to the shoulder. Now you can get straight bobs, or the ends flicked out or in.
BODY
The volume or springiness of hair.
BONDING
To attach wefted hair to the natural hair with a latex or surgical type adhesive.
BOTANICAL
Refers to a product containing plants or ingredients made from plants.
BRAID
To weave strands of hair together. On the scalp braiding is used to form a base or track to sew on a commercial weft. This is the cornrow technique. Off the scalp braiding is used for traditional braiding styles and various methods adding extensions such as Warlocks.
BRASSY
Refers to unflattering warm tones in hair colour created by chemicals or damage.
BROKEN CAPILLARIES
These tiny blood vessels at the surface of the skin appear as streaks or blotches. Most common on the face they are cause by ageing, sun and trauma. Whilst not harmful they can be unsightly.
BRUISE
A discoloration of skin from blood, sometimes caused by electrolysis, plucking, or waxing. Also known as Purpura.
BULB
The root of a hair, so named because it’s wider at the base.
BULBOUS NEEDLE
A type of electrolysis needle.
BULGE
A point midway up the hair follicle which researchers suspect must be damaged to induce permanent hair removal
BULK HAIR
Term for loose commercial hair. This hair is used for creating wefts or for services like fusion.
C
CACI
This acronym stands for Computer Aided Cosmetology Instrument; which is non-surgical face lift.
By applying a micro-current to your face, this treatment tones muscles making them feel firmer and smoothes the appearance of lines and wrinkles.
CAJEPUT
Tea tree oil is an extraction from the Melaleuca tree. Tea tree oil should not be confused with tea oil, the sweet seasoning and cooking oil from pressed seeds of the tea plant (drinking tea) Camellia sinensis or the tea oil plant Camellia oleifera. (Cajeput)
CALAMINE
A pink ointment sometimes used to treat skin irritation
CALCIUM THIOGLYCOLATE
The active dissolving ingredient in many cream depilatories
CANITIES
(The 'greying of hair') - a pigment deficiency frequently seen in middle-aged people of either sex. Close examination of greying hair confirms that it is an illusion caused by the presence of white hairs among a percentage of normal dark pigmented hairs.
CAPILLARIES
Small blood vessels which connect the arteries and veins that feed the hair.
CAPILLARIES
Tiny hair-like blood vessels, some of which carry nutrient to the hair growth matrix.
CARBOMER
A polymer on the basis of acrylic acid. Provides a thickening, gelling action and consistency regulator for cosmetic products.
CARBON DIOXIDE LASER
Also known as a CO2 laser, these are commonly used to perform skin resurfacing.
CASTRATION
The surgical removal of one or both testicles or overies.
CATAGEN
A brief middle stage in the hair growth cycle, between active (anagen) and inactive (telogen) stages.
CATAGEN
This is the end of the active growth period, and is marked by changes occurring in the follicle.
CATAPHORESIS
The forcing of substances into the skin from a positive to a negative pole. It is sometimes used after electrolysis to firm skin and reduce redness.
CATHODE
A negative electrode in a cell or circuit.
CATIONIC
Possessing a positive electrical charge. Cationic detergents are often used in shampoos because they reduce static electricity and leave the hair manageable.
CATIONIC POLYMER
Positively charges the hair to provide manageability and reduces static.
CATOGEN
The resting stage of the hair cycle.
CELLULITE
A collection of fat cells resulting from poor lymphatic drainage, fluid retention, poor circulation, not drinking enough water, a sedentary lifestyle and hormones. (cellulite, cellulight, cellulite)
CELLULITE REDUCTION
Clinic based method of reducing the appearance of cellulite (Celulite Reduction, Cellulight Reduction, Cellulite Removal)
CETYL ALCOHOL (FATTY ALCOHOL)
A gentle humectant, lather booster, and emulsifier. In hair products, it is used to smooth and soften the hair cuticle.
CHAMOMILE
Used in many products for blonde hair to enhance color.
CHELATING
A deep cleansing process which strips the hair lightly before a chemical service. Also known as clarifying.
CHEMICAL DEPILATORIES
Powder or cream preparations that dissolve hair above the surface of the skin. Some find these products very irritating to the skin.
CHIGNON
A chignon is a sophisticated, elegant up style, where long hair is twisted (either in a roll or knot) and pinned from the nape of neck.
This style is synonymous with the Hollywood and the Oscars, without a single strand of hair out of place.
CHILLTIP
A patented contact cooling device used in laser hair removal.
CHITOSAN
A natural polymer obtained from sea crustaceans protects the hair.
CHROMOPHORE
The substructure that is responsible for the spectral selective absorption of electromagnetic radiation.
CICATRICIAL ALOPECIA
This is baldness due to scarring. The follicles are absent in scar tissue.
CILIA
Medical term for eyelashes. Ingrown eyelashes should never be removed except under the supervision of a trained medical specialist
CLARIFIER
A clarifying shampoo is slightly stronger than everyday shampoos and is designed to remove products, hard water or chlorine residue that have built-up over time. These types of shampoos usually have a higher pH level and therefore should not be used regularly as they may dry out the hair and scalp. Use every 2-4 shampoos or the week before a chemical treatment. Always finish with a conditioner.
CLEARING
A method of hair removal in which all hair in an area is removed at once, as opposed to thinning.
CLIMBAZOLE
Highly effective active anti-dandruff ingredient. Combats bacteria on the scalp.
CLONE
A group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived form a single common cell.
CLUB HAIR
A non-living hair in the last stages of the hair growth cycle, it is detached from the follicle but has not yet shed.
COAGULATION
The process by which blood clots, and can be induced by heat or chemicals.
COARSE
A classification for stronger, thicker types of hair.
COCAMIDE DEA
Either made synthetically or derived from the kernel of the coconut, it gives lather and cleans skin and hair.
COHERENT LIGHT
Light that stays focused, a property of lasers.
COLD SORE
A viral infection that appears around the mouth. Hair removal, especially electrolysis and lasers, should not be performed around visible cold sores.
COLLAGEN
A protein that holds all connective tissue together under the skin. Collagen is sometimes damaged by plucking or electrolysis, which can lead to dimpling on the skin. Collagen, from a plant, is also used to fill in scars and augment lips, often with temporary results.
COLOGNE
A combination of water containing alcohol and fragrant oils. Not to be confused with a concentrated perfume.
COMEDOGENIC
Causes blackheads (Comedones).
COMEDONES
A medical term for blackheads.
CONDITIONER
Creamy hair product meant to be used after shampoo. Moisturizes and detangles hair.
CONGENITAL
A condition that is hereditary. Excess hair often runs in the family.
CONTACT COOLING
A method of cooling the epidermis immediately prior to laser irradiation in hopes of reducing or eliminating damage to the skin’s surface.
CONTINUOUS STIMULATION TECHNIQUE
A pain reduction method in which the client is distracted by something during treatment (music, etc).
CORNROW
Term used to describe an on the scalp braid. These braids can be used to form a track for the cornrow weaving method.
CORTEX
The cortex is the main structure of the hairshaft. The cortex determines the colour and texture of the hair.The largest section of a single hair, containing the main bulk of the hair.
CORTISONE
An anti-inflammatory sometimes linked to hair growth when taken internally.
COSMETICS
certain types of cosmetics (especially liquid foundations and powders) can be used to conceal but not remove hair. Some women and men use this method in conjunction with a hair removal method. Some methods of hair removal require you not use cosmetics immediately after in speed skin recovery.
COUTURE CUT
A couture cut is a high-fashion cut, which is totally exclusive and specifically tailored to your lifestyle and wardrobe.
CREAM RINSE
A mixture of wax, thickeners, and a group of chemicals used to coat the hair shaft and detangle after shampooing.
CROP
Originally the word crop as an alternative to haircut, without any specific meaning to the style of the cut.
However it has come to be a description of hair that is cut very short with the hair hugging the head.
CROWN
Area at the top of the head.
CRUSTING
Dried fluid that seeps from skin in some clients following hair removal such as laser, electrolysis, and depilatories. It’s best to keep these crusts clean and not pick them to avoid infection and scarring. These crusts are also called eschars.
CURRENT
The flow of electricity, either alternating (AC like a wall outlet) or direct (DC like a battery).
CURVED FOLLICLES
A relatively rare condition which makes certain hair removal methods more difficult and can lead to ingrown hairs.
CUSHING SYNDROME
A disease caused by a tumour on the adrenal gland, which can cause excess hair growth.
CUTANEOUS
Relating to the skin.
CUTICLE
The hard outer protective layer of the hair. Healthy cuticles impart sheen to the hair.
CUTICLES
The hair cuticles form a protective layer which covers the shaft of hair. If your hair is coloured or bleached they can spread out, split or become bloated due to over processing.
Which is why if you do process your hair, you’ve got to take special care and help it’s condition by using products.
CUTTING-IN
The term used to describe getting a ’hair cut’ and having your new hairpiece styled for the first time when you first receive it. It involves a simple hair cut and blending in of the hairpiece with your existing hair. A regular hair dresser can do this although it is sometimes recommended that a stylist familiar with hairpieces does it.
CYCLODEXTRINS
Cyclodextrins are produced from starch by means of enzymatic conversion. Over the last few years they have found a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries as well as agriculture and environmental engineering. It is also the chief active compound found in Procter and Gamble's deodorizing product "Febreze".
CYPROTERONE ACETATE
This drug is normally used to reduce sex drive in men who have an excessive sex drive. It is also prescribed to treat hirsuitism and androgenetic alopecia in women.
CYST
A closed sac or capsule usually filled with fluid or semisolid material.
D
DANAZOL
A drug sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
DANDRUFF
Flaking scalp due to excessive cell production.
DEEP PENETRATING TREATMENT
A conditioner for hair meant for occasional use. Of greater intensity than ordinary conditioners. Formulas usually contain protein, vitamins, and moisture to help dry, damaged hair.
DEPILATE
Removal of hair on the surface of the skin. Examples include shaving or the use of depilatory creams.
DEPILATION
The temporary removal of hair.
DEPILATORIES
Substances used to dissolve hair above the skin’s surface.
DEPTH
The darkness or lightness of a colour.
DERMABRASION
A cosmetic procedure used to smooth skin and reduce scars.
DERMAL PAPILLA
The dermal papilla is situated at the base of the hair follicle. The dermal papilla contains nerves and blood vessels which supply glucose for energy and amino acids to make keratin.A tiny bulge at the root of a hair, believed to be one of the primary targets in permanent hair removal.
DERMAL SHEATH
A lining around a hair.
DERMATITIS
Atopic Dermatitis is also known as Eczema. Contact Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by direct contact with an irritating substance.
DERMATOLOGIST
A doctor specializing in skin and hair conditions.
DERMIS
The deepest layers of the skin, where blood vessels, lymph channels, nerve endings, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, fat cells, hair follicles and muscles are located. The dermis varies in thickness over different sites of the body.
DEVELOPER
A product which oxidises artificial colour pigment.
DEXAMETHOSONE
A steroid anti-inflammatory which sometimes causes hair growth.
DHT (DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE)
DHT is a male hormone that is suggested to be the main cause for the miniaturisation of the hair follicle and for hair loss. DHT is formed when the male hormone testosterone interacts with the enzyme 5-alpha reductase.
DIABETES
A disease where the body improperly produces insulin, sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
DIAMETER
A measurement across the width of the hair.
DIATHERMY
Another name for thermolysis.
DIAZOXIDE
A drug sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
DIET
Is sometimes linked to excess hair growth, especially in the extremely obese and extremely anorexic.
DIFFUSER
A Diffuser is an adapter you put on the end of your hair dryer; it’s generally circular with a number of pins sticking out from it.
The diffuser spreads out the air flow from your hair dryer so you don’t get the full force of the air, meaning a gentler drying process.
DILANTIN
A drug sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
DIMETHICONE
Detangling aid which conditions, protects against humidity, adds shine.
DIODE
A semiconductive material which mainly lets energy travel one direction and not the other. Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are used for the numeric displays on microwaves and VCRS as well as for lasers.
DIRECT CURRENT
Also called DC, it is a type of electrical energy that travels in one direction. The other type is alternating current (AC). Direct current is used in the Galvanic electrolysis method to cause a chemical reaction in the hair follicle.
DISCOMFORT
Varies greatly by individual and body area. Electrolysis is generally considered most painful, followed by laser, plucking, waxing and finally pulse light sources. Body areas most prone to discomfort are underneath the nostrils, around the lips, and the bikini zone.
DISTORTED HAIR FOLLICLES
A relatively rare condition in which the follicle is not straight. This condition can make waxing and electrolysis more difficult and can lead to ingrown hairs and is very successfully treated using pulsed light
DONOR SITE
Site where hair roots are taken from during transplant surgery.
DOUBLE-BLIND
A clinical testing method in which neither patient nor doctor know what medication or procedure is being used.
DREADLOCKS
A hairstyle in which the hair naturally or through manipulation is encouraged to matte and form a cylindrical, rope-like pattern. Dreadlocks may take several months to well over a year to form and are considered a permanent style. In order to remove dreadlocks, one must cut them.
DRUG TREATMENT
Excess hair can be increased or decreased by certain drugs. These drugs often affect hormonal levels. Consult a physician if a drug seems to be causing increased hair growth.
DUTASTERIDE
A medication under development by Glaxo-Welcome for the treatment of BPH, which is a dual inhibitor of the 5-Alpa Reductase enzymes responsible for converting tostosterone to DHT.
DYNAMIC COOLING
A method of epidermal cooling which cools the skin with supercooled liquid immediately before a laser pulse is applied.
E
EARS
A common place for hair removal in older males. Only hair on the outer ear should be treated, and never inside the ear canal due to risk of infection.
ECCRINE GLAND
A medical term for sweat gland. These tiny pores do not contain hair follicles.
ECZEMA
Also called contact dermatitis, it’s a mild inflammation of the skin.
EDEMA (OEDEMA)
A medical term for swelling.
EFFICACY
A term meaning how well or effectively a cosmetic device works.
ELASTICITY
The hair’s ability to stretch without breaking and then return to its original shape.
ELECTRIC TWEEZER
A device that removes hair by grasping hairs above the skin’s surface with an electrified tweezer. FDA has stated that no electric tweezers have shown evidence that they can perform permanent hair removal.
ELECTROCOAGULATION
The use of heat generated by electricity to change tissue from a fluid to a semi-solid, similar to cooking an egg. Electrocoagulation is the operating method behind flash thermolysis.
ELECTRODE
In hair removal, a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves the body. An electrolysis needle is an electrode.
ELECTROLOGY
The practice of hair removal through the use of electrified needles, invented in the 1870’s. Electrologist a practitioner of electrology.
ELECTROLYSIS
In hair removal, the practice of epilation with electrified needles. Electrolysis was originally the name for hair removal with direct current only (also called galvanic), although the term is generally applied to all three modalities of epilation with an electrified needle.
EMLA
Is a prescription topical anaesthetic used by some clients of laser and electrolysis to reduce and eliminate pain.
EMOLLIENTS
Ingredients that soften or smooth.
EMULSIFIER
A thickening agent and/or binding agent added to products to change their physical composition (joins two or more ingredients together). For example, it can turn a lotion into a cream.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
A group of glands which maintain the body’s internal environment through the production of hormones. Imbalances in this system can sometimes lead to increased or decreased hair. Glands in the endocrine system include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes
ENERGY DENSITY
Term used to measure the output energy for Lasers and Pulsed Light Sources. Quoted in J/cm2 (Joules per square centimetre). See Fluence.
ENZYME
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) and control the rates of chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates, and the enzyme converts them into different molecules, the products. Almost all processes in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at significant rates. Since enzymes are extremely selective for their substrates and speed up only a few reactions from among many possibilities, the set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell.
EPIDERMIS
The thin outer layer of skin, on top of the thicker and deeper dermis.
EPILATION
The removal of hair below the skin’s surface (as opposed to depilation). Epilation methods include plucking, waxing, electrolysis and laser.
ERYTHEMA
A medical term for the redness that sometimes follows hair removal and skin rejuvenation.
ESCHAR
A small temporary scab that occurs sometimes after electrolysis, especially after overtreatment.
ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS (EFA)
EFA preserve the resilence and flexibility of your hair. It’s common for hair products to contain natural or synethetic EFA’s like cetyl alcohol
ESSENTIAL OIL
The essence of a plant, removed by compressing, steaming, dissolving or distilling. These oils produce the strongest odors, flavors, or medicinal properties when used in a product.
ESTROGEN
One of a group of hormonal steroid compounds that promote the development of female secondary sex characteristics.
ESTROGEN (OESTROGEN)
A female hormone sometimes linked to increased hair growth.
EXFOLIATING
A process of removing the top dead skin layers to reveal healthier, newer skin underneath.
EXFOLIATION
The removal of dead skin cells to reveal softer skin underneath.
EXTENSION
Hair extensions are pieces of real or synthetic weaved close to the scalp in order to achieve greater length and/or fullness.
EXTRACT
An herbal concentrate produced by separating the essential or active part of an herb into a solvent material.
EYELASHES
Protective hairs on the eyelid. Some people get ingrown hairs here, which should only be treated under a physician’s care, preferably an ophthalmologist (eye doctor).
F
FACE LIFT
Surgical procedure that lifts and stretches the patients skin to provide a firmer more youthful look. Does not improve appearance of the skin itself. Some face lift patients require hair removal under and behind the ears following this procedure, since hair-bearing skin ends up being moved behind the ear.
FASHION SHADE
A basic colour with added tone.
FEATHERING
Feathering is a cutting technique hairdressers use to take hard lines out of the hair. By cutting into the hair softer lines are created.
FIBROBLASTS
Cells within the the extracellular matrix that produce new collagen molecules when stimulated.
FINASTERIDE
Finasteride is the generic name of the brand name drug Proscar. A drug that binds with the type 2 5-Alpha Reductase enzyme to reduce the amount of DHT in the prostate and serum. Proscar is manufactured by Merck and is FDA approved for the treatment of benign prostate enlargement. More recently 1mg tablets of finasteride have been marketed under the brand name Propecia as a treatment for hairloss.
FINISHING SPRAY
A hairspray with medium hold used on a finished style to maintain its shape and hold.
FLUENCE
Term used to measure the output energy, for Lasers and Pulsed Light Sources, that is delivered to tissue. Quoted in J/cm2 (Joules per square centimetre).
FLY-AWAY HAIR
Fly-away Hair, is thin hair that is charged by static and is a particular problem with straight looks as the hair just won’t lie properly and can spoil your look.
A quick way I’ve found to lessen the problem is to pass a silk scarf over the hair and they’ll all lie flat… magic!
FOLLICLE
The hair follicle houses the root of the hair.A pore in the skin from which a hair grows.
FOLLICLE SHEATH
Protects the hair during its growth stage.
FOLLICLES
The hair follicle is the tiny blub under your scalp from which the hair grows.
FOLLICULAR HAIR TRANSPLANTS
One of the latest technique for conducting hair transplants where surgeons harvest hair from naturally growing sections.
FOLLICULAR UNIT
Groupings of hair that grow together and share the same blood supply.
FOLLICULITIS
A common disorder characterised by inflammation of the hair follicle. Also known as Pseudofolliculitis Barbae (PFB) or Tinea Barbae. Appearance of raised lumps and a rash. Prevalent in Type V and VI males.
FRAGRANCE
Any natural or synthetic substance or substances use solely to impart a sweet or pleasant smell (odor) to a cosmetic product.
FRAGRANCE- FREE
Products so labeled may still contain small amounts of fragrances to mask the fatty odor of soap or other unpleasant odors.
FRECKLES
Small clumps of coagulated melanin (freckel, frekle, frekel)
FREEZING SPRAY
A hairspray with the firmest hold used to maintain style of hard to hold hair.
FUSION
The process of attaching small pieces of human hair with a special adhesive and a thermal gun. This is a hair to hair process, no tracks are required. This method allows for free movement of hair extensions.
G
GEL
Jelly like material formed by the coagulation of a liquid. Semi - solid emulsion that liquefies when applied to the skin.
GENE THERAPY
Gene therapy is a treatment method which involves the manipulation of the genetic makeup.
GENERIC
Pertaining to a substance, product or drug that is not protected by trademark. It is identical in chemical composition but not necessarily equivalent in therapeutic effect.
GLABELLA
The space/area between the eyebrows.
GLYCERIN
A humectant which absorbs moisture from the air to keep hair moist.
GREY HAIR
Hair that has lost its pigment.
GYNECOMASTIA
Excessive development of the male breasts.
H
HAIR CLONING
A technique under development which could make an unlimited crop of donar hair available for transplanting.
HAIR EXTENSIONS
Hair Extensions are used to add volume or length to your hair by bonding synthetic or real hair at your roots.
HAIR GROWTH CYCLE
Hair passes through a series of cycles known as Anagen (growing phase), Catagen (resting phase) and Telogen (dormant phase).
HAIR INTEGRATION
A modern term used to describe hair weaving.
HAIR WEAVING
A process by which a hair piece is attached to existing hair on the head through braiding or a weaving process.
HAIR WEFT CLIPS
To attach hair wefts by clips. Clips are placed in the hair and snapped close. Wefts are held securely in place.
HEATCLAMPS
A heat gun that is used to seal synthetic hair. Used for creating warlocks and other styles.
HENNA
Derived from the henna plant, a vegetable dye made from its leaves and stems into a powder. Traditionally, it imparts a reddish cast to the hair by coating it. Clear henna enhances shine. Henna cannot be dyed over since it coats the outer hair shaft, affecting the penetration of the chemical colorant.
HIGHLIGHTS
The subtle lifting of color in specific sections of hair.
HIRSUTISM
Excessive hair growth, accompanied by enlarged hair follicles and increased pigmentation.
HUMECTANT
An ingredient in skin or hair products that draws moisture from the air to moisturize.
HUMIDITY
The amount of moisture available in the air.
HYDRATE
To add moisture to the skin.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Used to oxidise (expand) artificial colour molecules. Can also lighten natural colour pigment.
HYDROLYZED KERATIN
Basically corresponds to human hair, contains the "structural protein" of hair, repairs damage - active ingredient ’Liquid hair’.
HYDROXYPROPYL GUAR HYDROXYPROPYLTRIMONIUM CHLORIDE
All essential ingredient that adds moisture to the hair.
HYPERPIGMENTATION
An over excitation of melanocytes, darkening of the skin. Can be seen as sun-induced freckles or melasma.
HYPOPIGMENTATION
Caused by an absence of melanocytes, whitening of the skin. Vitiligo is a common medical complaint.
I
INDENTATION
A hollow or pocket in the skin.
INFUSION
Tea made by steeping an herb’s leaves or flowers in hot water.
INGROWN HAIR
A hair that does not break the surface of the skin, and grows back inward. Can be severe and cause inflammation, soreness and infection.
INTERLOCKING
A method in which hair is maintained or tightened using a tool.
IONIC
Process where water molecules are broken down by ions into smaller droplets. This then allows the hair to absorb the moisture more easily. Ionic technology usually uses hot ceramic plates to generate the negativly charge ions
IPL INTENSE PULSED LIGHT
A treatment consisting of short pulses of light sent out through an applicator that is gently pressed against the skin. The light energy is absorbed naturally and, depending on how it is applied, can act beneficially on pigmentation in hair follicles, pigmentation in the skin, or blood lesions such as thread veins. (ILP, intense pulse light, intense pulsed light, intense pulse lite)
ISOPROPYL LANOLATE,
Synthetic moisturizer.
J
JOJOBA OIL
Contains superior properties to keep skin and hair soft. It is beneficial to dry hair.
JOULE
A unit of energy. Describes energy output for pulsed light based systems.
K
KANEKALON
A trademark for a Japanese-made synthetic fiber which is used extensively in the manufacture of wigs and hairpieces. It’s popularity is due to its ability to retain its shape after washing, and also to the fine texture of the fiber, making it a desirable choice for simulating the texture of human hair. There are different qualities of Kanekalon fiber.
KELOIDS
A type of raised darkened scar, more common with dark skin. Due to a defect in the healing process.
KERATIN
A fibrous protein found in hair, nails, and skin.
L
LANUGO HAIRS
(Of the foetus) Are usually shed during the 7th month of foetal life following primary folliculo-genesis (the development of primary hair follicles which usually remain inactive until the neo-natal period).
LASER
An acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. A commonly used tool for cosmetic and surgical procedures.
LAURYLDIMONIUM HYDROXYPROPL HYDROLYZED
A conditioning agent in shampoos, which helps detangle the hair.
LAYERING
Layering is a technique used by hairdressers to change the thickness of the hair, creating either a thinning or thicker appearance. In this way the hair can be given a fuller appearance, more texture and movement.
LENTIGO
A flat, discoloured area of skin similar to a freckle. Sun induced lentigines (plural of lentigo) are known a Solar Lentigines.
LEUCOTRICHIA
Refers to a congenital absence of pigment in a lock of hairs which will show as grey/white. Several generations of some families have been known to exhibit this dominant trait.
LIPID LAYER
Lipids are part of the structure of the hair and also form a protective barrier. They are composed of EFA’s amongst other complicated scientific things.
LIQUID HAIR
Strengthens and rebuilds the structure of the hair.
LUBRICANT
An oil or oil rich crème or lotion designed to lubricate the skin and slow moisture loss.
LUBRICATES
Makes smooth or slippery by using oil to overcome friction.
LUVIMER
Flexible resin.
M
MATTE
A non - shiny surface that absorbs light; a dead or dull finish.
MEDULLA
The medulla is a central zone of cells usually only present in large thick hairs.
MELANIN
Natural substance that gives colour (pigment) to hair and skin.
MELANOMA
A form of skin cancer.
MELASMA
Dark skin discolouration on sun-exposed areas of the face and neck. Young women with brownish skin tones are at greatest risk. Also known as Chloasma.
METABOLISM
The body transformation of food into energy.
MICRO DIFFUSE
Optimum hold without overload.
MICRO FINE
Brushes out easily.
MICRO GRAFT
A very small hair graft usually consisting of one or two hairs.
MICRO LINKING TECHNIQUE
The process of attaching hair wefts without braids. The links are sewn on to the wefted hair. The user’s natural hair is pulled through and locked secure. This system is highly recommended for natural hair that is too fine or soft to hold other weave techniques.
MICRODERMABRASION
An intensive exfoliation process that rejuvenates the skin by utilizing ultra-fine aluminium oxide crystals to remove the upper layer of the stratum corneum (microderm, microdermibrasion, microdermebrasion, microdermbrasion, microderma)
MINI GRAFT
A small hair graft usually consisting of between three to ten hair roots.
MINOXIDIL
Minoxidil is the generic name of the brand name drug Rogaine. Rogaine is manufactured by Upjohn. Minoxidil is available in the form of a topical lotion with varying strength from 2% to 5%. Minoxidil was the first drug to be approved by the FDA for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.
MOISTURIZER
An emollient cream used to hydrate the skin.
MONOFILAMENT
Fine, transparent nylon or silk mesh with hairs individually hand-knotted into the mesh. Allows the hair to fall naturally and gives more versatility in styling. Very suitable for persons with extensive hair loss, as the color of the scalp underneath shows through, creating the illusion of hair growing out of your scalp.
MYRISTATE
Synthetic moisturizer.
N
NATURAL
Ingredients extracted directly from plants, earth minerals, or animal products as opposed to being produced synthetically.
NERVE ENDINGS
Receptors which respond to touch, pain, pressure, heat and cold.
NEUTRALISE
To cancel or reduce effect.
NON-INVASIVE
Procedures that do not involve tools that break the skin or physically enter the body.
NORWOOD SCALE
The most commonly used scale for the classification of hair loss.
NUTRIENT
A substance, such as a vitamin, which provides elements for the ongoing functioning of the body’s metabolic processes.
O
ORGANIC
Pertaining to carbon - based compounds produced by living plants, animals or by synthetic processes. Referring to substances that are or have been alive, and therefore contain carbon molecules in their chemical structure.
OUTER ROOT SHEATH
A soft thin layer surrounding the lower two-thirds of a hair.
OVARIES
In women, a major source of female hormones. Certain conditions involving the ovaries can lead to excess hair growth, especially polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
OVERTREATMENT
Overly aggressive treatment to remove hair which leads to temporary or permanent skin damage.
OXIDATION COLOUR
A colour which requires oxygen to make it work.
P
P.V.P
Seals and adds shine.
P.V.P/VA
Copolymer Nonionic "film" forming agent.
PABA
Esthers found in sunscreen and cosmetic products that can make skin sensitive.
PALM ROLLING
A technique used to smooth out the shaft of a loc by rolling it, with or without product, between the palms of the hands.
PALMITATE
Synthetic moisturizer.
PANTHENOL
Aids detangling. Provides volume, control and shine.
PANTOTHENIC ACID
Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin required to sustain life (essential nutrient). Pantothenic acid is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
PAPILLA
The small area at the base of the hair root which provides nutrients needed for growth.
PARFUM
The most concentrated and most fragrant scent and therefore the most expensive.
PATCH TEST
A test performed (usually with a hair dye or other potential allergen) on the skin 24 hours before its use to determine sensitivity.
PERM
I know what you are thinking arrgh the 80’s disaster cut. The Perm creates curls by restructuring your hair molecules with a chemical, or heat treatment and is generally a long-lasting or permanent change to your hair.
But Perm’s really don’t have to be like they used to and they give you great choice. It can be cool to have a perm so let’s go curl their world.
PERMANENT
A definition set by the American FDA that most laser and intense light source manufacturers claim to meet for hair removal.
PERMANENT HAIR REDUCTION
Treatments, especially IPL, where the follicle is disabled by the light energy making it unable to support any more hair growth. permanent hair removal, permanent hair reduction, permanent hair removal, permanent hiar reduction)
PERMANENTLY
Completely changing the natural colour of the hair.
PH: (PH: PERCENTAGE OF HYDROGEN)
Used to measure acidity in cosmetic preparations.
PIGMENT
Colour.
PIGMENTED LESION (BENIGN)
Variety of skin conditions mainly the result of excess melanin. Commonly known as Café au Lait stains, birthmarks, age spots and freckles.
PORE
A small opening of the sweat glands of the skin.
POROSITY
Ability to absorb moisture.
PROPECIA
The brand name for finestaride. The only drug approved by the FDA to treat hair loss.
PROPRIETARY
Pertaining to a drug that is produced for profit.
PROSCAR
The brand name for finestaride approved for the treatment of BPH.
PROTEIN TREATMENT
A treatment used on the hair. Designed to add strength and elasticity to the hair by adding protein to the cortex.
PSORIASIS
Chronic skin inflammation characterised by frequent episodes of redness, itching and thick, dry scales.
PUNCH GRAFT
The old fashioned way of removing grafts for hair transplants, usually carried out using an instrument called a trephine
Q
Q-SWITCH
A device that produces short intense bursts of energy from a laser.
R
RECIPIENT SITE
The bald or thinning area where hair grafts or plugs a transplanted.
RELAX
To chemically straighten the hair to gently smooth out curl, reduce frizz, or create a straight style.
RELAXER
A chemical process by which the hair is permanently straightened. New-growth areas have to be maintained via ’touch-ups’ to continue the straightened pattern. A relaxer penetrates the cortex and breaking the hairs’ natural chemical bonds which originally caused it to be curly. Once these chemical bonds are broken, they can not be repaired so the hair is unable to return to its natural state.
REMI/REMY HAIR
Refers to human hair (usually Indian in origin) which has been harvested from root to end, with all of the cuticle going in the same direction. It is different from Virgin hair as it may be colored or permed, but has not had the cuticle removed. It is generally soft and silky, and is used in making higher quality wigs, extensions, and hair systems.
RESISTANT
Stops or opposes treatment.
RETIN-A
Retinoic Acid, compound that is often used to improve the appearance and texture of the skin.
RETIN-A OR TRETINOIN
Retin-A is a brand name for a topical gel or cream normally used in the treatment if acne.
ROGAINE/REGAINE
The brand name for minoxidil. A topical hair growth solution for hair loss.
ROSACEA
Also known as Acne Rosacea or Adult Acne. A disorder involving chronic inflammation of the cheeks, nose, chin, forehead or eyelids. It may cause redness, vascularity, swelling or hyperplasia (increase size of tissue) or skin eruptions. (rosecea, roasacea, rosasea, rosesea, rosacia, rosecia)
ROUGH BLOW DRY
A Rough Blow Dry is just to remove the moisture from wet hair, i.e. just to dry the hair without styling. To try and style your hair whilst trying to blow it dry from wet can take ages, so rough blow dry your hair and then worry about the style.
RUBY
Commonly used laser for hair and tattoo removal.
S
SACRUM
Bone in the lower back
SAW PALMETTO
Saw Palmetto is a natural herb that has been shown to be an effective antiandrogen.
SCHIZOTRICHIA
Trichoptilosis is the "splitting of hairs at the ends," according to Dorland's Pocket Medical Dictionary, 21st edition, 1968. Often referred to as "split ends." Comes from the Greek root "tricho" meaning hair and "ptilosis" meaning "falling out of the eyelashes." Also called "schizotrichia."
A split end is when the hair-shaft splits or flays due to excessive heat and misusage. There is no way to repair split ends; when they occur, the hair must be trimmed.
SCLERODERMA
A disease of the skin and connective tissue that can cause hair loss over the affected areas.
SCRUNCH DRY
A technique for drying your hair which creates a style at the same time. Using a diffuser on your hairdryer, put the dryer underneath and literally scrunch your hair with your free hand.
SEBACEOUS
Fatty or greasy, usually referring to the oil-secrating glans of the scalp.
SEBACEOUS GLAND
Oil producing gland in the dermis.
SEBORRHOEIC DERMATITIS
Seborrhoeic dermatitis has been called a more extensive and severe form of dandruff.
SEBUM
The oily secretion of the sebaceous glands of the scalp, composed of keratin, fat or cellular debris.
SECTIONING
Sectioning your hair allows you to only pay attention to a particular area or panel of hair. You or your hairdresser will do this when blow-drying, cutting or colouring your hair, and will section your hair by taking a panel of hair and pinning or ignoring the rest.
SELECTIVE PHOTOTHERMOLYSIS
Selectively targeting dermal structures with light energy, without causing damage to surrounding tissue.
SELF - TANNER
A sun tanning product that contains DHA, which reacts with amino acids in the top layer of skin, causing it to temporarily darken (2-4 days).
SEMI - PERMANENT
A colour which lasts from 6 - 8 shampoos.
SERUM
A serum is a smoothing product to stop your hair from frizzing, keeping it smooth and straight. You’ll be able to find a serum that is specifically designed to your own hair type.
You can use a serum on wet hair before styling, or when used in moderation on dry hair to get a smoother look.
SILICONE
Increases wet and dry combability.
SILK PROTEIN
A natural water-soluble source of acid derived from liquid silk; these acids help moisture penetrate the skin (aid in absorption) and aid in skin healing. Used in skin and hair products.
SKIN REJUVENATION
Combating the signs of ageing using the latest innovative, non invasive treatments that give you visibly younger, healthy, radiant skin (facial rejuvenation, skin rejuvnation)
SLOUGH
To become shed or cast off (to separate in the form of dead tissue from living tissue).
SOAP
Cleansing agent that is a sodium or potassium salt of animal or vegetable fat.
SOLUBLE
Being able to dissolve into, or being compatible with, another substance.
SOOTHING
Reducing skin discomforts from irritation, blemishes, burning skin, etc.
SPF
An acronym for "Sun Protection Factor" ranging from 2 to 45 with 2 being the least protection and 45 the most.
SPIDER VEIN
See broken capillaries (spyder vein, spider vain)
SPLIT ENDS
Trichoptilosis is the "splitting of hairs at the ends," according to Dorland's Pocket Medical Dictionary, 21st edition, 1968. Often referred to as "split ends." Comes from the Greek root "tricho" meaning hair and "ptilosis" meaning "falling out of the eyelashes." Also called "schizotrichia."
A split end is when the hair-shaft splits or flays due to excessive heat and misusage. There is no way to repair split ends; when they occur, the hair must be trimmed.
SPRIONOLACTONE
This is a drug normally used to treat high blood pressure, however is also acts as an antiandrogen and is used in the treatment of androgen related disorders such as female pattern baldness and hirsuitism.
SPRITZ
Spritz is a light mist or spray, which when used as verb means to lightly spray your hair.
When describing a product it generally means the product will produce a fine mist.
STEAMING
The process by which most synthetic fiber is curled at the factory. The curl pattern in a synthetic wig or hairpiece may be changed by setting it in rollers or clips, and using an ordinary hand-held clothing steamer on them. After steaming the curls, let the fiber get completely cool before removing the pins or rollers.
SUBCUTANEOUS
Pertains to the skin.
SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
The body’s shock absorber.
SUNBLOCK
Products that reflect all the sun’s rays, such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. They permit minimal tanning, and are a good choice for those who are sensitive to chemicals.
SUNSCREEN
Products with ingredients that absorb UVA and UVB rays. Find one labeled "broad spectrum" for maximum protection.
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE
The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As such, it is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen.
SURFACTANTS
Active agent that allows oil to mix with water. Used in skincare products like cleansers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, solubizers, conditioning agents and foam stabilizers.
T
T - ZONE
The forehead, nose and chin areas, which tend to be oilier than the cheeks.
TAN
When your skin is damaged by exposure to the UVA and UVB rays of the sun, its reaction is to produce more melanin as an attempt to protect itself against further damage. Melanocytes (produce Melanin) float within the epidermis and don’t migrate to the top. Melanin is a brown colored protein that helps determine the color of our skin. The Melanin that the melanocytes make finds its way into the keratinocytes (the cells containing the keratin) as they make their way up to the surface. The melanocytes produce more melanin when we are exposed to the sun. The result of this is a tan.
TARGETED FAT REDUCTION
Metabolising stubborn fat deposits, typically in the lower body, using methods such as Eporex mesotherapy (targetted fat reduction)
TEA TREE OIL
Tea tree oil is an extraction from the Melaleuca tree. Tea tree oil should not be confused with tea oil, the sweet seasoning and cooking oil from pressed seeds of the tea plant (drinking tea) Camellia sinensis or the tea oil plant Camellia oleifera. (Cajeput)
TELOGEN
The resting phase in the hair cycle.
TELOGEN EFFLUVIUM
Hairshafts are produced by follicles within the skin in all but few locations viz: palms soles, lips, eyelids, backs of distal phalanges and parts of the external genitalia. Each productive hair follicle provides hairshafts throughout the life of the person. Some follicles may intermittently produce vellus or terminal hairshafts.
TEMPORARY COLOR
A hair color formula that lasts only until you shampoo your hair.
TERMINAL HAIRS
Are coarse, pigmented or non-pigmented, exist on the scalp and gain length at a rate of 1-2cm per month during a cyclical life of up to 10 years.
TESTOSTERONE
A predominantly male hormone which promotes the development of male characteristics.
TEXTURIZER
A texturizer is a mild relaxing treatment. Instead of causing the hair to be ’bone straight,’ this chemical treatment is left on for a shorter period of time. The idea is to slightly relax the natural curl in African hair so that it’s more manageable and with proper maintenance, one can mimic curly styles.
THERMAL PROCESS
Temporarily straightening the hair with a heated iron.
THREAD VEIN
See broken capillaries (thred vein, thread vain, thred vain)
TONE
Distribution of ashen and warm pigments, visual effect of gold or ash in the hair.
TOPICALLY
Means to apply directly onto the scalp.
TOURMALINE
Tourmaline is a crystal silicate mineral compounded with elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. Tourmaline gem stones come in a wide variety of colors. The name comes from the Sinhalese word "turamali" or "toramalli", which applied to different gemstones found in Sri Lanka. Crystals of tourmaline when heated exhibit electric polarity which in turn helps the ionic effect
TRACK
Parting or a cornrow that establishes the placement pattern of wefts or strand additions.
TRACTION ALOPECIA
This refers to hair loss which occurs due to traction being placed on hair. Traction alopecia is commonly seen with braids, pony tails and other hairstyles which cause tension on the scalp.
TRANSLUCENT
Allows some light to pass through.
TREATMENT
A treatment is used in between Shampoo and Conditioner to put protein back into the hair. You should leave the treatment in your hair for approximately 5 minutes before using your conditioner. You’ll be able to find a treatment designed for your hair type.
TRICHOPTILOSIS
Trichoptilosis is the "splitting of hairs at the ends," according to Dorland's Pocket Medical Dictionary, 21st edition, 1968. Often referred to as "split ends." Comes from the Greek root "tricho" meaning hair and "ptilosis" meaning "falling out of the eyelashes." Also called "schizotrichia."
A split end is when the hair-shaft splits or flays due to excessive heat and misusage. There is no way to repair split ends; when they occur, the hair must be trimmed.
TRICHOTILLOMANIA
This form of hair loss is caused by pulling out one’s own hair, usually without realising it.
TRICLOSAN
Is effective against most bacteria occurring on the skin.
U
ULCER
An area of tissue erosion. They are always depressed and are due to irritation. They may become infected and inflamed as they grow.
UV
Ultraviolet radiation. The invisible spectrum of solar radiation. It is divided into three regions with increasing danger to the skin; UV - A, UV - B, and UV - C.
V
VELLUS
The soft downy hair found covering the body.
VELLUS HAIRS
Are soft, non-pigmented and rarely exceed a length of 2 cm due to the short anagen phase of cyclic follicular activity.
VERTEX
The top of the head towards the posterior position, including the area at which the hair grows in a spiral pattern.
VESICULATION
Blister formation caused by thermal damage.
VIRGIN HAIR
This term refers to human hair which is still in its original state as harvested from the grower, and which has not been permed, colored, or chemically processed in any way. It is carefully cut from the grower with the cuticle going in the same direction and preserved to maximize its special quality. Harvesting the hair in this manner takes more time, which contributes to the premium price of this hair. Virgin hair can be of any ethnic origin, but the best quality hair used in making wigs today is of Russian, Ukrainian, Belgian, and Turkish origin. This is the most expensive hair of all because it is not as plentiful as lesser quality hair. In spite of the high cost, top-quality Virgin European hair wigs are in high demand by those who wish to wear only the finest.
VITILIGO
Loss of pigment at small or large areas of skin/hairs. This is due to melanin failure caused by damaged melanocytes. This damage or destruction is thought to be associated with an immune system reaction, or genetic defect. The progress of the disease is unpredictable. Approx. 2% of the population is affected.
VPL™
Variable Pulsed Light, trademark of Energis Technology, and describes the output from the ELITE System in terms of a precisely controlled sequence of pulses of light.
W
WATER - RESISTANT
Repels moisture or water; not readily removed with water.
WEAVE
A hair weave is usually a hairpiece with layered gaps made into it. This is then placed on a person’s head and his/her own real hair is weaved into the hairpiece.
WEFT
An amount of hair or fiber which is doubled over and MACHINE-SEWN along the top to create a long strand of hair. This is also the type of hair strand used for hair extensions and weaving.
WEFTS
Wefts are temporary hair extensions which are glued into your hair.
WHITE HAIR
Having no pigment. Possible causes: Genetic. Vitamin B deficiency. Drugs for treatment of arthritis. Other health factors.
WIG
The term used to describe any hairpiece with a full cap which covers the hair on the head, or the entire area where hair normally grows, as a substitute for hair. The purpose of a wig is to create your ideal look.
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